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Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
In the 19th century a series of discoveries were made across Europe, in Belgium, Gibraltar, Germany and Croatia. Interestingly, it was the site of the third discovery that lends its name to what was found. Named after the Neander valley in Germany, scientists had uncovered the first evidence of Neanderthal man. Since then, their remains have been found across Western and Central Europe, in the Levant and in regions of Northern and Western Asia. No remains have been found in Africa to date. At their peak, it is thought that the population of Neanderthals may have reached 70,000.
Today, Neanderthals are classed as a species or subspecies of human. They are closely related to us and share 99.7% of our DNA. We also lived alongside each other in Europe for a few thousand years. However, they became extinct about 40,000 years ago, and modern humans did not. There are a number of theories that seek to explain why the Neanderthals disappeared, but we cannot be certain of the exact reason. One scenario assumes that Neanderthals and modern humans were separate species and the arrival of humans, together with climate change, meant that they were gradually replaced.
Some argue that this interaction between the two species may have been violent. Another scenario places Neanderthals as a subspecies of human that interbred with us and disappeared through being absorbed into the population. The exact nature of the relationship between Neanderthals and modern humans has not been scientifically proven and is contentious. There are also extinction theories that put the blame on an extreme volcanic event. We do know that about 55,000 years ago the climate started to fluctuate between extreme cold and milder conditions. Rapid fluctuations, occurring within a few decades, may have made it difficult for Neanderthals to adapt and survive.

What is the significance of the discovery in Germany?

ANeanderthals were named after a place there.
BNeanderthals became extinct there.
CThey reached 70,000 mark in Germany.
DIt was the first time Neanderthals were discovered outside Gibraltar.

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
The current 'biggest' threat to climbers on the world's tallest peak, the former head of the Nepal Mountaineering Association said, is the staggering amount of human waste being left on its slopes with some estimates putting that number at more than 8,500 kilos for this season alone.
The biggest problem and concern now on Everest is human. It is impossible to know exactly how much litter is spread across Everest because it only becomes visible when the snow melts. But at Camp 2, two levels higher than Base Camp, Sherpas who worked on the government's cleanup drive this spring believe around 8,500 kilos of human waste was left there during this year's climbing season. The clean-up took 3 weeks, and the Sherpas were continually going up and down the mountain with sacks.
Melting conditions at Camp 2 create an odour that is sickening to climbers, and the waste will eventually contaminate water sources below and become a health hazard, Tshering warns. "During our expedition to Camp 2, eight of our 10 Sherpas got stomach illness from bad water at Camp 2," said John All, a professor of environmental science at Western Washington University who visited Everest on a research expedition.
Ang Dorjee, who heads the independent Everest Pollution Control Committee, has demanded that the Nepal government institute some rules. The problem is there are no regulations on how to dispose of the human waste. Some climbers use biodegradable bags that have enzymes, which decompose human waste but most of them don't.
Instead of using the makeshift toilets, many climbers dig a hole in the snow, letting the waste fall into small crevasses. However, rising temperatures have thinned the glacier, leaving fewer and smaller crevasses. The overflowing waste then spills downhill towards Base Camp and even communities below the mountain.
Local people living at the Base Camp use melted snow for drinking water -- and for them, the human excrement poses a health risk. Tshering and other mountaineers say the government should mandate the use of biodegradable bags for human waste. The bags are expensive and have to be imported from the United States.

How many Sherpas got ill?

A8
B2
C3
D10

CHOOSE THE BEST WORD/PHRASE TO COMPLETE EACH SENTENCE
The girl had a painful ___________ on her leg

A bandage
B sore
C ache
D slip 


READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS THAT FOLLOW.
Long, long ago, the mighty Elephant had no trunk. His nose was short, and only as big as a boot! But the Elephant’s child was very curious and always asked silly questions.
One fine morning the curious baby Elephant asked, “What does the Crocodile have for dinner?” All together everybody yelled, “HUSHHUSHHUSHHUSH!” in a dreadful tone, and they shushed and shooed him away angrily. But the baby Elephant did not understand why. He was still curious!
Then the baby Elephant came upon the magnificent Kolokolo bird and he sighed, “My family has shushed and shooed me away, but I still want to know what the Crocodile eats for dinner!” The Kolokolo bird answered, sadly, “Go to the banks of the great green river if you want to find out.” After a long and tiresome search, the baby Elephant found the Crocodile by the river bank. “I have been looking for you, Mr. Crocodile!” he said with excitement, “Will you please tell me what you have for dinner?” The Crocodile grinned wide, and he said, “Come closer, baby Elephant, I’ll whisper it to you.” The baby Elephant bent his head down to the Crocodile’s large, toothy mouth. “I think,” growled the Crocodile, “Today I will begin with a baby Elephant!” And suddenly the Crocodile caught him by his little nose. The baby Elephant cried out through his pinched nose, “Led go! You’re hurding be!” Stubbornly, he sat back and began to pull as hard as he could. As he pulled, and went back, his nose began to stretch! They both pulled and pulled until the baby Elephant’s nose was almost five feet long. Finally the Crocodile let go of his nose with a plop. The poor baby Elephant was left with a very sore and very long nose! At first, all the animals made fun of his great, ugly nose. But then he found many uses for it. He could pick fruit from high treetops, brush away flies, and even breathe when he was underwater!
A And that is how the Elephant got his trunk.
Who answered the baby Elephants query about the Crocodile?

AAll animals
BHis family
CCrocodile
DKolokolo bird

CHOOSE THE BEST WORD/PHRASE TO COMPLETE EACH SENTENCE
Grandmother at first objected____________ having a monkey____________the house.

A for, in
B at, on
C to, in
D about, in

Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.
I wonder how your team will ever catch _____________ with the rest of the teams.

Aat
Bon
Cin
Dup

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Choose the plural form of countable noun:
Wife

A Wife
B Wifes
C Wifies
D Wives

CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORDS TO FILL THE BLANKS IN EACH PAIR OF SENTENCES.
My friend saw a huge __________ at the zoo.
The carpets are being washed, so the floor is ____________.

A beer , bear
B bear , bare
C bare , bear
D none of these

CHOOSE THE BEST RESPONSE TO COMPLETE THE CONVERSATION.

Kate : "Winter break starts from tomorrow."
Susan : "____________________"

AWho told you?
BI am not aware about it.
CYes, finally we can relax a bit.
DI don't like winter season.