🌍 Groups of Countries - Know Your World

Learn about important groups of countries, their members and why they work together.

Countries often form groups to work together on common issues such as trade, security, climate change, development and world peace. These groups are important in international affairs and are frequently asked about in GK competitions.

GK Tip: Learn the members + full form + main purpose of each group.

1. G7 - Group of Seven

Members: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and United States.

Purpose: To discuss major economic, political, security and global issues and work together on common commitments.

Remember: G7 = 7 countries. The European Union also participates in G7 meetings.

2. G20 - Group of Twenty

Members: 19 countries + European Union (EU) + African Union (AU).

Countries: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkiye, United Kingdom and United States.

Purpose: To promote international economic cooperation and discuss major economic and financial issues.

Remember: G20 = major economies of the world.

3. BRICS

Members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.

Purpose: To increase cooperation among major emerging economies and discuss economic development, global governance and other international issues.

Remember: BRICS originally came from Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The group has expanded to 11 members.

4. G4 - Group of Four

Members: India, Brazil, Germany and Japan.

Purpose: These four countries work together to support reform of the United Nations Security Council and seek permanent seats for themselves.

Remember: G4 = Four countries supporting UN Security Council reform.

5. ASEAN

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Members: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam.

Purpose: To promote peace, economic growth, cooperation and development among Southeast Asian countries.

Remember: ASEAN = Southeast Asia.

6. SAARC

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

Members: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Purpose: To improve the quality of life and economic, social and cultural development of the people of South Asia.

Remember: SAARC = South Asia.

7. SCO

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

Members: China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Belarus.

Purpose: To promote peace, security, friendship and cooperation, including economic and cultural cooperation.

Remember: SCO = Eurasian cooperation and security.

8. QUAD

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue

Members: India, Australia, Japan and United States.

Purpose: To cooperate on issues concerning the Indo-Pacific region, including security, health, technology, disaster relief and connectivity.

Remember: QUAD = 4 countries + Indo-Pacific.

9. BASIC Countries

Members: Brazil, South Africa, India and China.

Purpose: To cooperate and coordinate their positions on climate change and international climate negotiations.

Remember: BASIC = Brazil + South Africa + India + China.

10. IBSA Dialogue Forum

Members: India, Brazil and South Africa.

Purpose: To promote cooperation among the three countries in areas such as development, trade, technology and global issues, and to support other developing countries through the IBSA Fund.

Remember: IBSA = India + Brazil + South Africa.

🧠 Quick Revision Table

GroupNo. of Members / ParticipantsMain Area
G77Global & economic issues
G2021 participantsGlobal economy
BRICS11Emerging economies & global cooperation
G44UN Security Council reform
ASEAN11Southeast Asian cooperation
SAARC8South Asian cooperation
SCO10Security & regional cooperation
QUAD4Indo-Pacific cooperation
BASIC4Climate change
IBSA3South-South cooperation

*Membership and participation can change as countries join or leave groups. Students should use the latest information for competitions.

⭐ Super GK Facts to Remember