The length of a pencil is measured using a ruler as shown in the given figure. What is the apparent length of the pencil seen by the observer and the actual length of the pencil?
| Apparent length | Actual length | |
|---|---|---|
| A | 42 mm | 40 mm |
| B | 5 mm | 10 mm |
| C | 38 mm | 30 mm |
| D | 38 mm | 40 mm |